中国民族思想的概念及发展脉络

The Concept of China's National Thoughts and Its Development

民族思想是各个时期各个民族的各类人物对中国民族及民族问题的认识,是处理民族问题、制定民族政策的理论基础;它既有政治家、思想家、军事家、史学家及普通民众对历史上民族及民族关系的反思,也有对当时民族和民族问题的理性思考和客观认识,以及对民族及民族问题未来发展趋势的预见。作为中国民族思想还应当研究马克思主义民族思想的中国化问题。中国民族思想大致可以划分为以华夷之辨为主线的古代传统的民族思想、以反清反帝为脉络的近代民族思想和以平等、团结、互助、民族区域自治为核心内容的现代民族思想三个大的历史发展阶段。因“民族思想”具有丰富的内涵、研究对象及比较丰硕的研究成果,所以这一概念更适合于我们对民族及民族问题的认识和探讨,“民族思想”应当成为一门独立学科。

The national thoughts is the realizations of the different people from various ethnic groups in each historical period and is also the theoretical base to deal with the problems of ethnical groups and to make the policy concerning the different ethnic groups. The paper argues that China's thoughts of nationality can be generally divided into three historical stages, namely traditional thoughts of nationality in ancient time which is characterized with the distinction between Hua and the barbarians, the modern one which is featured with anti-Qing dynasty and anti-imperialism, and the contemporary one with the core of equality, unity, mutual help and autonomy of minority region. With rich connotation and object as well as fruitful research fruits, the concept of national thoughts is more suitable to study and understand nationality and the problems of ethnical groups. And the thoughts of nationality should become an independent branch of learning.