不同亚型多动症儿童的智力研究

The study on intelligence structure of different ADHD subtypes

目的分析不同亚型多动症儿童的智力结构特点,为多动症的临床诊断和治疗提供参考。方法从儿童心理门诊抽取注意缺陷型、多动冲动型和混合型多动症儿童各30例,正常对照组60例,采用中国韦氏儿童智力量表(c-WISC)进行智力测验,对智测结果进行组间比较。结果多动症儿童韦氏总智商、言语智商、操作智商均低于正常儿童(P<0.01),且智商变异性大,在各亚型中,混合型智商最低。结论多动症儿童智力受损是客观事实,不同亚型多动症智力结构和缺损程度存在差异,提示不同亚型多动症儿童认知机制不完全相同,应对多动症患儿进行区别诊断和针对性治疗。

Objective To study the intelligence structure of different attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder（ADHD） subtypes, offer advice for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Selected predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD （ADHD=PI; n = 30）, hyperactive/impulsive subtype of ADHD （ADHD-HI; n =30） and combined subtype of ADHD （ADHD-C n=30） randomly from children mental health clinic, and 60 normal control cases. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children china Edition （c-WISC） were adopted. Analysis VIQ,PIQ FIQ among different groups： Results Children with different ADHD subtypes all got lower scores than normal controls （NC） on VIQ,PIQ and FIQ （P〈0.01） ,and the CV of IQ scores was bigger than normal. Children with ADHD-C got lowest iQ among three subtypes. Conclusions Children with ADHD having intelligence deficit was a impersonal fact. Three subtypes of ADHD have difference on degree and structure of intelligence, suggest that cognitive mechanism maybe different among different subtypes. We should differentiate for the ADHD diagnosis and do treatment individually.