蒙特利尔公约对于我国航空运输合同法律制度构建之影响——兼论明确我国大陆与港澳台间航空运输合同法律制度的紧迫性和必要性

Impact of the Montreal Convention upon Construction of China's Carriage by Air Contract System:As Well as on the Urgency and Necessity of Clarifying the Carriage by Air Contract System between China's Mainland and Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan

在航空运输业由一个新兴产业发展为成熟产业、法律所依存的经济社会条件已发生根本变化的情况下,1999年《统一国际航空运输某些规则的公约》(简称1999年《蒙特利尔公约》),以统一华沙体制下的各项公约和议定书为目标,基于航空运输中新的条件和要求对国际航空运输凭证规则和承运人责任制度进行了重大修改。该公约反映了国际航空私法立法的趋势,体现了对消费者利益的保护,可以说,蒙特利尔公约的制订表明规范国际航空运输的民事法律制度重新走向一体化和现代化。该公约不仅是我国国际航空运输应该遵循的规则,它对于我国国内航空运输民事法律制度的完善也有着十分重要的现实意义。更加值得注意的是,蒙特利尔公约的规则和制度对于明确我国大陆与台湾之间及内地与港澳之间所谓的特殊管理的国内航空运输的民事法律制度、填补有关法律空白提供了很好的法律解决方案。

While air transportation has grown from a new transport mode to be a full-fledged economic sector, fundamental changes have taken place in the socio-economic conditions, in which aviation law exists. In an effort to unify all conventions and protocols under the Warsaw System , the 1999 Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air （also named as the Montreal Convention）, based on these changes, made significant improver on rules and systems regulating international carriage by air. The Montreal Convention follows the development trend of private international aviation law and pays particular attention to protection of consumers＇ rights and interests. It is appropriate to say that the Montreal Convention embodies unification and modernization of private law governing international carriage by air. The Convention not only constitutes rules and regulation for international carriage by air, but could also shed light on development and/mprovement of rules and regulation for domestic carriage by air. Furthermore, the Montreal Convention also provides an effective legislative solution to clarification and formulation of rules governing the so-called specially regulated domestic air carriage between the China's Mainland and China＇ s Taiwan and between China＇ s hinterland and China＇ s Hong Kong and Macao.