中国特有植物穗花杉的生物学特性及其保护

THE BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION OF AMENTOTAXUS ARGOTAENIA

穗花杉（Ａｍｅｎｔｏｔａｘｕｓ ａｒｇｏｔａｅｎｉａ（Ｈａｎｃｅ）Ｐｉｌｇｅｒ）属于红豆杉科穗花杉属，为我国特有树种；现正处在濒危状态，已被列为国家三级保护植物。本文比较系统地综述了穗花杉的生物学特性，包括其外部形态、内部结构、化学成分、地理分布、生长特性、生态学和群落特性等。关于穗花杉的系统位置，一直争论不休，作者简述了各种分类观点后，根据上述特性分析结果，支持将稳花杉放于红豆杉科中并与榧树属同族的主张。最后，文章分析了可能引起穗花杉濒危的原因，并提出了两点保护措施。

Amentotaxus argotaenia is one of the rare gymnosperms endemic to China. With the changes in environment and ecosystems, the total number of individuals has decreased rapidly and it is considered an endangered plant on the brink of extinction. In this paper, a broad literature has been reviewed concerning its habit, morphology, structure, chemical constituents, geographic distribution, growth traits, ecologecal and community characteristics. Although the controversy still remains about its systematic position, the authors support the conclusion that the plant should be included in the Taxaceae and Amentotaus with Torreya belong to Torreyeae according to the features reviewed. Consequently, the reasons for making the plants to the endangered state have been analysed and the effective measures have been put forward to conserve the rare species.