关于迈克耳逊干涉仪的一点探讨

Some Discuss about Michelson Interferometer

指出了利用迈克耳逊干涉仪进行测量时应当注意的2个问题:一是补偿板旋转将会产生2个额外光程差,而其中的1个额外光程差往往容易被忽略,计算表明,忽略该光程差会导致计算所得的干涉条纹数量增加1倍;二是补偿板的旋转将会使透射光的光强发生变化,利用菲捏耳公式求得p光和s光的透射光强与补偿板旋转角度的关系,进而计算出当补偿板旋转的角度超过80°时,干涉条纹会变得模糊不清,测量将无法进行。

The author suggests that two issues are worth paying attention when the Michelson interferometer is used to for measurement purposes. First, when the compensating glass is circumrotated, it will result in two additional optical path differences, and one of which is usually neglected. The calculated results indicate that the number of the stripe will increase one more time if this negligence occurs. Second, if the compensating glass is circumrotated, the intensity of transmission light will change. The relationship between the intensity of transmission light and the circumrotated angle of compensating glass may be determined using the Fresnel formula to calculate the intensity of p polarized light and s polarized light. It is shown that the interferometer stripe will become blurry when the circumrotated angle of compensating glass sweeps more then 80 degree, and the test will be forced to stop as a result.