企业国际化中外部成长方式的选择

The Choice between Acquisition and Alliance in Firm's Internationalization

该研究运用知识理论分析了影响企业外部成长方式选择决策的5个因素,这5个因素分别是:①企业自身知识存量(包括人力资本和信誉度);②目标知识的特点(包括目标知识的共享能力、目标知识的可分割性、目标知识识别与定价的难易程度以及目标知识的分散程度);③企业与目标企业间社会文化环境的差异;④企业国际化经营的经验;⑤企业的学习能力。然后将这5个因素归入两个维度,一个是对战略灵活性的要求,另一个是对控制程度的要求,从而建立了外部成长方式选择的决策思路。

This paper first focuses its attention on the theoretical discussion of the external growth of firms in the academic field of international business studies. On the basis of applying the knowledge theory to the analysis of the choice between external growth methods——alliance and acquisition, the paper presents 5 factors that influent the choice, namely：① the knowledge reserve inside the firm, including the human resource and the reputation; ② features of the target knowledge, including the possibility of the share and partition, the distinguishing and pricing as well as the distribution;③ the difference of environment between the firm and the target firm;④ the experience of international operation; ⑤ the learning ability of the firm. Then, the paper sorts the factors into two facets, one is the demand of strategic flexibility, the other is the demand of ownership control, thus establishes a dicision thinking.