论刑罚目的及其对我国刑事政策的影响

On the Purpose of Penalty and Its Influence on the Criminal Policy of China

刑罚目的是刑罚论的核心问题,它对一国刑事政策的制定具有重要的指导意义。在刑罚目的问题上,长期以来有三种学说:报应目的论、预防目的论和报应与预防一体论;但是,科学的刑罚目的论应该是“统一说”,即“坚持一个中心兼顾两个基本点”。刑罚的目的应坚持以间接一般预防为中心,兼顾报应与特殊预防的要求,在间接一般预防的基础上实现报应与特殊预防的有机统一。“统一说”为我国刑事政策的调整提供了理论依据。

The purpose of penalty, as the core of penology, plays an important role in guiding the formulation of criminal policy. In respect of the purpose of penalty, there are three established doctrines, namely the theory of retribution purpose, the theory of crime prevention purpose and the theory of combined purpose of retribution and crime prevention. However, the scientific theory we should take is the theory of unification which means ＂adherence to one central task and two basic points＂. The purpose of penalty should adhere to the general prevention against crime, which is the core of the task. Meanwhile, retribution and individual prevention should be considered. The theory of unification lays the theoretical foundation for the adjustment of the criminal policy in China.