云南3种野生稻的花药离体培养研究

In vitro anther culture of three different genome types of Yunnan wild rice species

云南3种野生稻花药培养愈伤组织诱导能力差别较大，疣粒野生稻花药最易培养。愈伤组织诱导率为3．3％。其次是景洪普通野生稻为2.1％；元江普通野生稻再次之，为1．2％；药用野生稻诱导率最低，仅为0．8％。疣粒稻花药愈伤组织植株再生能力最强，再分化率在37.4％～52．6％，普通野生稻再分化率为19．2％～26．3％。本试验建立了疣粒野生稻、景洪类型和元江类型普通野生稻的花药培养离体无性系，为长期保存云南野生稻资源奠定了基础。

The in vitro anther culture abilities of callus induction were quite different among several Yunnan wild rice species. In anther culture,callus induction rates varied from 0.8% to 3.3%. The plant regeneration rotes of calli induced from different anther types of Yunnan wild rice varied from 19.2% to 52.6%. Among all used Yunnan wild rice ,the performance of Oryza meyer/arm in vitro anther culture was the best with highest plant regeneration rate of 52.6% ,the rate（26.3% ） of Jinghong type of O. rufipogon was higer than Yuanjiang type（ 19. 2% ）. None regeneration plants has been obtained in anther culure of O. officinalis. The in vitro asexual propagation lines of anther were established on O. meyeriana ,Yuanjiang and Jinghong types of O. rufipogon ,thus this paper provides a useful approach to conserve the genetic resources of Yunnan wild rice.