山东境内五个山羊种群生化遗传多态性研究

Polymorphism of Biochemical Genetic Markers for Five Goat Breeds in Shandong Province

应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法(PAGE),对山东省境内山羊种群的血液生化遗传标记多态性进行分析。结果表明,所测5个山羊品种中,Tf、Akp及EsⅠ基因座均表现出多态性,Hb和EsⅡ基因座仅分别在崂山奶山羊和莱芜黑山羊品种中表现出多态性,Amy未表现出多态性;平均杂合度为0.2876,基因纯合系数在0.6以上,群体的遗传分化系数为0.02614,说明这些山羊群体的遗传变异较低,其97.386%来自群体内遗传多态现象。基于3个多态位点基因频率的系统发育分析证明,带有共同遗传基础的济宁青山羊、鲁北白山羊和崂山奶山羊遗传距离较近,引进的南非波尔山羊与4个地方山羊品种遗传距离最远。

Biochemical genetic polymorphism of five indigenous goat breeds in Shandong pi＇ovince was analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method. The results indicated that the polymorphism was found at the Tf,Akp and EsI loci of five goat breeds. The Polymorphism of Hb locus was found only in Laoshan dairy goat, while genetic variation of Es 11 locus existed only in Laiwu black goat. Amy locus was monomorphism among all breeds. Gene heterozygosity and differentiation of populations were 0. 2896 and 0.02614 respectively, which suggesed that the genetic variation of populatiorr was lower and mainly came from internal populations. The UPGMA phylogenetic tree of five goat breeds based on three diversity biochemical markers showed that the genetic distance between Jining grey goat and lubei white goat was the closest, compared with that among other breeds. The genetic distances between Boer goat and all indigenous goat breeds were distant.