中国后生耳蕨组和新生耳蕨组（耳蕨属）的叶表皮解剖研究

STUDY ON FOLIAR EPIDERMIS OF CHINESE SECT. METAPOLYSTICHUM TAGAWA AND SECT. NEOPOLYSTICHUM CHING (POLYSTICHUM ROTH)

利用光学显微镜对国产耳蕨属后生耳蕨组和新生耳蕨组３１个种４０个样品成熟叶表皮的细胞的形态特征的研究结果表明，后生耳蕨组和新生耳蕨组植物的气孔均分布在叶片下表皮，为气孔多形型，气孔基本类型有四细胞型和极型两种；气孔的类型、大小、气孔指数、表皮细胞形状等有一定的稳定性，可以作为后生耳蕨组和新生耳蕨组植物系统与分类研究的依据之一．

Observed Under LM was the foliar epidermis of 40 samples from all the 34 species of Sect.Metapolystichum and Sect. Neopolystichum (Polystichum Roth ) in China. Stomatal apparatuses in the two sedionsare polymporphic and only occur in the lower epidermis.According to D. L. Dilcher (1974),the types ofstomatal apparatuses were divided into peracytic, Polocytic, tetracytic and Polycytic type,of which the POlocytic and tetracytic types were the basic ones. Staurocytic type of tetracytic type dominantly exists in mostspotes,and axillocytic type of polocytic type only in some species. The dominant type of stomatal apparatusof each species is unchanseable. Stomatal indexes range between 5. 0￣ 16. 6 and are roughly stable. Stomatalsizes are (38 ￣ 65 ) μm × (25￣ 4 5)μm and relatively chanseable. Upper epidermal cells are straight, arched,rebind or sinuate in anticlinal Patterns,arranged resularly or irresularly,alike or different in shapes compering with lower epidermal cells. Their rattes of length to width are between 1. 9￣7.0.The characters of foliar epidermis are of some sisnificance in taxonomy and systematics and can be used to distinguish somespotes with similar morphology.