RDX的TNT包覆钝感研究

Research on Insensitivity of RDX Coated with TNT

为降低RDX的机械感度，维持其爆炸性能，研究了用少量TNT包覆RDX的钝感方法。以RDX为主体炸药成分，以质量分数3％～10％的TNT为含能钝感剂，再加入质量分数2％～3％的含能增塑剂和微量水溶性表面活性剂，利用TNT和含能增塑剂在水中不同温度的熔化和凝固结晶，通过水悬浮分散包覆工艺，将TNT和含能增塑剂包覆在RDX颗粒的表面，制得内层为RDX、外层为TNT的双层混合炸药。分析了包覆钝感的工艺条件及炸药包覆后的粒径和SEM的变化情况。研究表明，该RDX—TNT双层混合炸药的撞击感度可降至20％以下，摩擦感度降至28％以下，压制成药柱的密度为1．73g／m^3，爆速可达8400m／s。

In order to decrease the mechanical sensitivity of RDX while maintaining its explosive performance, an insensitive method of coating sensitive high explosive RDX with a less sensitive explosive TNT was studied. RDX was coated with a little TNT and energetic plastifier by melting, dispersion and cooling crystallization to RDX surface in water, a kind of double-deck composite explosive with low mechanical sensitivity, in which inside layer is RDX and outside layer is TNT, was prepared by adding TNT 3%-10%, energetic plastifier and surfactant 2%- 3% to coat main explosive RDX. The technical condition of coated process, the variety of granule diameter and SEM after coating were analyzed. The results show that the impact sensitivity of the composite explosive is less than 20%, the friction sensitivity is less than 28%, the column density is 1. 73g · cm^-3, and the detonation velocity may reach 8400 m·s^-1.