中国经济转型时期商业银行信贷退出问题研究

Credit Quit of Commercial Banks during the Transitional Period of China's Economy

信贷退出要遵循两个基本原则:一是风险—收益对称原则,二是成本—收益均衡原则。退出成本最低、收益最大、能够较好地掌控风险的时期是信贷退出的最佳时机。判断何时为最佳退出时机必须准确把握行业经济周期、产业结构演进规律、企业生命周期、产品生命周期以及企业信用等级和财务等相关指标的变化。商业银行应该根据信贷进入的行业、区域、企业以及信贷产品制定相应的退出策略。信贷退出路径包括直接退出和间接退出,商业银行应首先考虑间接退出。商业银行信贷退出机制的构建主要包括转换观念,建立行业信贷分析预警退出机制、区域信贷退出机制、客户退出机制、信贷退出激励约束机制等内容。

There are two fundamental principles that should be observed when credit quit is conducted： the principle of symmetry between risk and profit and the principle of balance between cost and profit. The best credit quit time is when risks are hest conolled with the lowest quit cost and the highest profit. To decide on the best time to quit, one should consider the changes in indus- trial economic cycle, industrial development rules, an enterprise llfe cycle, a product life cycle and an enterprise credit standing and financial status and other related indexes. Commercial banks should hammer out quit strategies according to the credit-related sectors, regions, enterprises and products. Credit quit channels consist of direct quit and indirect quit. Commercial banks should give priority to indirect quit. The credit quit mechanism for commercial banks includes such items such as updating concept, establishing an industrial credit analysis and pre-warning quit mechanism, regional credit quit mechanism, customer quit mechanism and credit quit incentive and restraint mechanism.