仫佬族儿童少年体型发育的研究

The physique development in children and adolescence in Gelao ethnic group of China

目的探讨仫佬族儿童的体型发育规律。方法应用Heath—Carter人体测量法对广西罗城县四所小学在枝生636例（男317例，女319例）7～12岁的仫佬族儿童进行体型评定。结果7～12岁男性和7～10岁女性少年随着年龄的增长，中因子值逐步下降，外因子值明显上升，内因子值无明显变化；各年龄组体型均值均为中因子值〉外因子值〉内因子值，其中7～9岁男女各组均为偏外胚层的中胚层体型，10～12岁男女各组为中胚层一外胚层均衡体型；各年龄组男女l司体型除9岁～组和11岁～组差异无显著性（P〉0．05）外，其余组间差异有显著性（P〈0．05或0．01）；男生体型分布较集中，女生体型分布较分散。结论与苗族比较，仫佬族儿童少年身材瘦高，皮下脂肪少。

Objective To estimate the physique in children and adolescences in Gelao ethnic group. Methods Subjects consisted of 317 males and 319 females aged 7～12 years, which were from four primary schools in Luocheng city of Guangxi, China. Their physical development was determined by the Heath - Carter Anthropometric Somatotype. Results Records of the circled ratings for Mesomorphy, Endomorphy and Ectomorphy showed that in males aged 7～12 years and females aged 7～ 10 years, with their growth and development, the mesomorph value decreased steadily, the ectomorph value increased significantly, and the endomorph value was almost the same. The mean somatotype value in each age group was mesomorph value 〉 ectomorph value 〉 endomorph value. The somatotypes in females and males aged 7～9 years were with ectomorphic mesomorph, and in males and females aged 10～12 years were with mesomorph - ectomorph. In comparison between males and females, except that the somatotypes in subjects more than 9 years and over 11 years did not differ （ P 〉0.05）, the others differed significantly （ P 〈0. 05 or 0.01） ; the distribution of smomatotype in male students had a central tendency, and the female students was dispersed. Conclusion group is lank and less su In comparison to Miao ethnic group, the physique of child and adolescence in Gelao ethnic bcutaneous fat.