果园地面覆盖管理的生态经济效益分析

ECONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL EFFECT ANALYSIS OF ORCHARD GROUNDCOVER MANAGEMENT

分析了果园地面覆盖管理的生态和经济效益，并对果园地面管理方式在果树产量、质量、营养、病虫害和土壤有机质、肥力、水分、侵蚀以及生态环境上的影响进行了赋分综合评价。评价的有利效应顺序是：有机物覆盖＞间作＞生草带状覆盖＞无机物覆盖＞生草覆盖＞除草剂除草＞翻耕。据此，针对我国生态环境、人口、经济状况，提出了在山区的经济林果园内应推广应用秸杆地面覆盖技术，对于减少水土流失，提高果树产量具有显著的生态和经济效益。

That the orchard groundcover managements affect soil erosion and properties, water, nutrient, temperature, fruit yield and quality, pest and disease and environmental ecology etc are analyzed and scored. The scored ranking of the seven orchard floor management systems and their favorable effects (from most to least) is : orgranic > crop interplanting > grass in lane > inorganic > grass > herbicide > tillage. The orchard organic groundcover management has the most beneficial economic and ecological effects (+24). The organic groundcover management which is the most significance to reduce soil erosion and increase the crop yield and quality, should be advanced on the basis of ecological environment, population and economics in China.