农村地区家庭暴力发生情况及影响因素分析

Study on prevalence of domestic violence and its related factors in rural area of China

目的了解我国农村地区家庭暴力发生情况及其影响因素。方法2004年11月～2005年1月．在联合国人口基金生殖健康／计划生育第五周期3个项目县，采用多阶段容量比例抽样方法，随机抽取25个乡镇．3998名18岁及以上的已婚育龄妇女进行定量问卷调查。这3个项目县分别为吉林东辽县、安徽居巢区和重庆铜梁市。结果我国部分农村地区家庭暴力发生率为65．0％．精神暴力最为常见。其次是躯体暴力，性暴力发生率相对较低，分别为58．3％．29．8％，16．9％。生活中的暴力经历与家庭暴力的发生有非常显著的关联，妇女年幼时经历过或看到、听到过家庭暴力者，其遭受家庭暴力伤害的危险明显增高．但妇女的个人特征与家庭暴力发生之间没有明显关系。结论在我国家庭暴力普遍存在，尤其是精神暴力。生活中的暴力经历对家庭暴力发生有重要影响。应该加强宣传教育．提高对家庭暴力的普遍性的认识，以减少暴力发生。

Objective To understand the prevalence of domestic violence （DV） in rural and its related factors. Methods PPS method was conducted to select the 3 998 women from Jilin, Anhui and Chongqing, who were aged 18 years old and elder. All the women were interviewed using uniform questionnaire during Nov. 2004 - Jan, 2005. Results The prevalence rate of total DV was 65.0 %. Psychological violence was the most common type, followed by physical violence and sexual violence, the prevalence rate for psychological, physical and sexual, violence was 58 .3 %, 29.8 %, 16.9 % respectively. Exposure to violence in life, especially during childhood, was significant predictor of the occurrence of domestic violence. Woman who ever suffered violence in childhood or ever heard or saw the violence was at higher risk of suffering violence after marriage. Conclusion Domestic violence was very common in rural, especially psychological violence. Effective public education should be conducted to let people understand the popularity and factors of DV so as to stop DV.