农村育龄妇女生殖道疾病和避孕措施调查

Investigation on reproductive tract diseases and contraception measures of fertile women in rural areas of Shandong province

目的调查农村育龄妇女常见生殖道疾病的现患率和避孕措施及影响因素,为计生服务和生殖道疾病的防治提供依据。方法按经济水平进行分层整群随机抽样,对抽中的育龄妇女开展流行病学调查和实验室检查,采用SPSS软件分析资料。结果农村育龄妇女以避孕环节育为主,低年龄高学历和经济发达地区的妇女容易使用避孕环和避孕套,高年龄低学历和经济欠发达地区的妇女使用绝育术和其他方式避孕;高龄妇女易患子宫肌瘤和其他生殖道疾病。经济发达地区妇女生殖道疾病以阴道炎和其他疾病为主,而经济欠发达地区以宫颈炎和子宫肌瘤为主。结论与城市相比,农村育龄妇女的节育模式还没有明显变化,生殖道疾病的患病率不容乐观,应该适当调整计生服务模式,并加大对各种生殖道疾病的防治工作力度。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of reproductive tract diseases and the utilization rate of variety of contraception measures among rural fertile women. To study the influence factors upon the prevalence of reproductive diseases and utilizaton rate of contraception measures in order to bring about a baseline for diseases control and family planning service. Methods A stratified - cluster- random sampling was fulfilled according to the economic level of the rural area in Shandong province, Four counties were admitted as samples and the fertile women were surveyed to collect data, which was analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results At present the contraception method mainly used by fertile women was still intrauterine device, Women with junior age or with good education or residing in developed areas of economy were apt to accept intrauterine ring and condom for contraception, whereas those elder or ignorant or those in underdeveloped areas were willing to use sterilization and other methods. Senior women were likely to be affected by leiomyoma uteri and other reproductive tract diseases, The principal diseases in developed areas were vaginitis and other diseases, whereas cervicitis and leiomyoma uteri were prevalent in underdeveloped counties. Conclusion The contraception mode for rural fertile women does not changed compared with that for urban fertile women. The problem of reproductive health in fertile women is so severe that more attention should be paid in order to optimize the family planning services and to reinforce the control of reproductive tract diseases.