宗教的政治参与及其影响——以伊斯兰教为例

Religious Participation in Politics and Its Influence

与其他宗教相比,伊斯兰教参与政治的倾向和特征更为明显。伊斯兰教参与政治的方式凸显为宗教社会作用的国家化倾向,其一是以宗教政党的方式,借助于政治宗教纲领夺取国家政权;其二是伊斯兰原教旨主义运动,以夺取政权建立政教合一的国家作为奋斗目标。就伊斯兰教参与政治的发展及其效应来看,一方面,伊斯兰教具有强大的政治社会动员力量,在有关各国争取民族解放的斗争中发挥了很大作用;另一方面,伊斯兰教政治化倾向也对伊斯兰世界乃至国际社会产生了巨大影响。

Comparing with the other religions, the tendency and features for Islam to participate in politics are more apparent. The approach of Islamic participation in politics is characteristic of the tendency of turning the social functions of religion into that of the state: the first is to seize the state power in the name of religious political party and religious political creed; the second is to strive for the goal of seizing the state power and establishing the religious regimes. As of the development of Islam's participation in politics and its effects, there are two important aspects:one hand, Islam has the great power in mobilizing political and social strength and has played an important role in the struggle of national liberations of some countries; on the other hand, the politicalization of Islam has greatly influenced not only Islamic world but also the international society.