陆路佛教传播路线西南转向与茶马古道的兴起

The Southeast Turn of Buddhism Diffusion by Land and the Emergence of the Tea-Horse Ancient Road

伊斯兰教在中亚的扩展,使佛教在丝绸之路上的传播受阻。吐蕃的兴起,吐蕃和唐朝、尼泊尔关系的建立,使佛教在东亚的陆路传播路线有了新的途径,佛教传播路线开始转向,由早期的丝绸之路的西北路线转向穿越横断山和喜马拉雅山的西南路线,并进一步伸向印度、尼泊尔、缅甸,再进一步延伸到南亚和东南亚。转向的佛教传播路线把早期相对孤立的局域形态的盐运马帮古道联网成跨越横断山和喜马拉雅山的全域网络,这为后来出现的跨越横断山和喜马拉雅山的茶马古道提供了重要条件。

The further diffusion of Islamism in Central Asia hindered the diffusion of Buddhism along the Silk Road. The emergence of Tubo Local Kingdom with its connection with the Tang Dynasty and Nepal offered a new way for Buddhism diffusion by land in East Asia. This turn from the early northwest Silk Road to the southwest through the Hengduan Mountains and the Himalayas went further to India, Nepal, Burma, South Asia and Southeast Asia. It helped turn the early isolated salt - transportation road into a road - network of transportation, which laid a good foundation for the up - coming Tea - Horse Ancient Road through the Hengduan Mountains and the Himalayas.