留学生在汉语阅读中利用字形和语音信息的研究

A Survey on the Development of Foreign Students’ Use of Phonological Code and Orthographic Code of Chinese Character in Reading Comprehension

本研究以来自12个国家的102名学习汉语的外国留学生为被试，采用接近正常阅读的校对任务，考察被试对短文中音同别字和形似别字的识别能力，以此来研究初级阶段留学生在汉语阅读中对字形、语音信息的利用及其发展转化。结果发现，留学生在汉语阅读中主要利用字形信息而较少利用字音信息。无论他们是初级水平还是中级水平，来自汉字圈国家还是非汉字圈国家，对音同形异别字的校对正确率都显著高于形似音异别字的正确率。由此，在教学中应加强字音的教学以及形音义三者的联结，根据不同母语背景的留学生的学习特点，适当帮助学习者通过语音通路或是字形通路进行学习，将字义与字音和字形合理结合起来。

This study focuses on the role of the phonological code and orthographic code in reading Chinese character by foreign learners. 102 subjects with different levels of Chinese proficiency participated in the experiment by using the proof—reading paradigm. The results show that the subjects rely more on the orthographic code in character recognition. It is suggested that TCFL teachers should highlight the connection between orthography, phonology, and semantics while teaching Chinese characters.