中华绒螯蟹主要呈味成分研究

Studies on taste components in Eriocheir sinensis

用邻苯二甲醛（OPA）柱前衍生高效液相色谱法对中华绒螫蟹可食部分（肌肉、肝脏、性腺）的游离氨基酸组成及含量进行了研究分析，结果发现：中华绒螯蟹各可食部分抽提液中主要有19种氨基酸，精氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、牛磺酸、脯氨酸、赖氨酸、谷氨酸、亮氨酸、缬氨酸、酪氨酸、异亮氨酸、丝氨酸这12种氨基酸在各可食部分中的含量均超过10mg／100g，而其中又以精氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、脯氨酸和牛磺酸为主，这5种氨基酸含量占游离氨基酸总量的50％以上。此种游离氨基酸组成模式与蛛雪蟹、勘察加拟石蟹等海水蟹中的游离氨基酸分布基本相似。而中华绒螯蟹区另4于蛛雪蟹、勘察加拟石蟹等海水蟹的一个主要特征是其肌肉抽提液中的丙氨酸含量明显高于它们，是它们的3倍。相反的是中华绒螫蟹肌肉抽提液中的牛磺酸含量（80mg／100g以下）明显低于蛛雪蟹、勘察加拟石蟹中的含量（150—400mg／100g）。

In order to elucidate the flavor components characteristics of Eriocheir sinensis, extracts were prepared from different edible parts of Eriocheir sinensis of both sexes; consequently, free amino acids were examined with OPA pre-column HPLC. The results were shown as fallows ：There are primary 19 kinds of free amino acids in the extracts from Eriocheir sinensis, and the content of 12 kinds of free amino acids all exceed 10mg/100g including argrine ,alanine, glycine, proline, taurine, lysine, glutamic acid, leucine, valine, tyrosine, isoleucine and serine , In the analysis of free amino acids in different edible parts of Eriocheir sinensis , a common feature of different extracts was a very high content of argrine, glycine, alanine, praline and taurine, which comprised over 50% of the total of free amino acids. This contribution is similar with one of free amino acids in snow crab（ Chionoecetes opilio） and alaska king crab（Paralithodes camtschatica）. While the different between Eriocheir sinensis and snow crab and alaska king crab is that the content of alaine in the extracts from Eriocheir sinensis is so far high , but the content of taurine in the extracts from Eriocheir sinensis is low than that of snow crab and alaska king crab.