文化构成和文化传承的系统研究

Systematic Study about the Culture Constitution and the Spread and Inheritance of the Culture

文化是一个多层面、多方位、多内容交织在一起的复合体。狭义的文化一般是指一个民族在其发展和延续过程中积淀而成的思维定势和价值取向;广义的文化则包容着整个人类社会逐渐开创的物质文明和精神文明。从系统辩证学的角度来研究,文化的构成应当从互相交织在一起的横向层面和纵向层级两个方面来加以认识;文化的传承应该从客观到主观、从传统到现代、从同质到异质和从量变到质变四个方面来把握其发展规律;此外还应该对高级文化体在文化传承中所形成的极为重要的运作机制有所认识。

The culture is a compound body composed of the levels, the directions and the contests. The culture in a narrow sense is generally the regular way of the thinking and the choice of the value that a nation accumulates in the course of its development and continuation. However, the culture in a broad sense contains the material civilization and the spiritual civilization thatthe whole human society gradually creates. Studied from the angle of the systematic dialectical viewpoint, the culture constitution should be recognized from the vertical and the horizontal that are mutually interweaved. The spread and inheritance of the culture should be grasped from the four respects; from the objectivity to the subjectivity; from the tradition to the modern; from the similar quality to the different quality; from the quantitative change to the qualitative change. In addition, the very important mechanism in motion, which high-level cultural body forms in the course of the spread and continuation of the culture, should also be known.