广州市中小学生精神活性物质滥用现状研究

STUDY ON STATUS OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUG ABUSE AMONG PRIMARY AND MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN GUANGZHOU

[目的]了解广州市中小学生精神活性物质滥用的现状,为进行学生健康教育提供参考。[方法]分层随机整群抽取广州市8所小学4￣6年级、9所中学初一至高三的8222名学生进行问卷调查。[结果]有23.6%的学生尝试过吸烟,有7.5%的学生是经常性吸烟,有53.2%的学生尝试过饮酒,有过其他药物滥用行为的学生的比例高达7.1%,中学生发生吸烟、饮酒和药物滥用情况的比例明显高于小学生,其中男生的比例明显高于女生,性别、年级之间差异有统计学意义(P﹤001);精神活性物质滥用的主要原因是“好奇”和“受周围人影响”(分别占87.5%,78.7%和87.0%)。烟酒及其他药物滥用者中感到身体受到了损害的分别有20.4%、12.3%和52.8%,学生曾因用药后伤人中以喝酒后伤人的学生比例最多占5.2%。[结论]中小学生中发生吸烟、饮酒和其他精神药物滥用的情况己不容忽视,提倡在中小学生中开展个性化健康教育来预防和控制精神活性物质滥用行为。

[Objective] To collect the it, formation of Psychoactive Drug use Among Primary and Middle School Students in Guangzhou and provide evidences for health education policy making. [ Methods] A questionnaire was used in 8 Primary schools and 9 middle schools in Guangzhou to investigate 8 222 students in the grade from four to six of Primary scheals and first to thee grade of junior and senior middle schools. [Results] Among these surveyed students, 23,6% had experience in smoking, 7.5% smoked regularly; 53.2% had experience in drinking; 7.1% had ever used illegal drugs. Middle Shool students and boys had higher rates of tobacco, alcohol end addictive drug use than Primary school students and girls respectivcly. The main reason of using psychoactive drug was ＂curiosity＂ and ＂peer＂ influence （87.5%, 78.7%, 87.0%） . It was found that 20.4% tebaecco abusers, 12.3% alcohol abusers and 52.8% other psychoactive drug abusers were. physically hammed. 5.2% injured other people afer drinking, which was the highest rate among the three drugs. [Conclusions] Rates of psychoactive drug abuse among primary and middle school students are at high level, It is necessary to develop the health edocation in accortdance with the characteristics, and te implement individual intervention in prevention and controlling their unhealthy behaviors.