血管病变研究新视角——动脉硬度、脉搏波和脉压

Fresh Insight into Vascular Disease: Arterial Stiffness, Pulse Wave and Pulse Pressure

动脉硬度用于反映弹性动脉壁的力学特征,动脉张力和结构的改变可增加动脉硬度。目前有多种方法可以检测动脉硬度,其中脉搏波速度简单方便易于推广。脉搏波由左心室间断射血产生,沿动脉壁从中央向外周传导,遇到阻抗不匹配处可以发生反射。动脉硬度和脉压可相互影响,形成恶性循环。流行病学研究已经证实动脉硬度在心血管疾病中的预测价值。

Arterial stiffness can be an indicator of the mechanical properties of the elastic arterial wall. Changes in arterial tone and structure lead to increased arterial stiffness, Of the several methods currently available to detect arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity is used extensively, due to its relative simplicity. A pulse wave is produced by intermittent left ventricular ejection, propagates from the centre to the periphery along the arterial tree, and can be reflected at the points of impedance mismatch. There is an interaction of the increases of arterial stiffness and pulse pressure, which, in turn, leads to a vicious cycle of further increases＇. Epidemiological studies have proven the prognostic value of arterial stiffness in cardiovascular diseases.