解决失地农民问题的理性思考

Analysis on the problems of farmers who lost land

土地被征占以后,失地农民面临生活质量下降、再就业机会不多、医疗和教育支出多和不适应城市生活等一系列问题。失地农民问题产生的主要原因是土地产权制度的强制性、土地征用制度的随意性和社会保障制度的狭窄性。“可持续生计”作为解决失地农民问题的基本目标,需要政府改变工作方式,完善土地征用补偿制度,解决失地农民就业问题和建立宽泛的社会保障制度。

The farmers who lost land are confronted with a series of problems after their land have been expropriated. Firstly, their living standard declines after the losing of land; Secondly, they have little chance to get a job; Thirdly, they must pay a large amount of money on medical treatment and education; the last but not the least, they have to adapt themselves to urban environment. The main reasons of the problems are the compulsory institution of property rights of land, the random institution of land expropriation and the narrow sooialsecurity institution. As the basic aim, ＂sustainable livelihood＂ needs the government to change the style of leadership, to perfect the institution of land expropriation, to solve the employment problem of the farmers who lost land and to build wide social-security institution.