‘新高’梨雄性不育与IAA和ABA含量变化的关系

Relationship between Male Sterility and Change of IAA and ABA Contents in 'Niitaka' Pear

以雄性不育的‘新高’梨和可育的‘丰水’梨为试材,研究花粉发育过程中IAA和ABA含量及其与IAA代谢相关酶和微量元素的变化。结果表明:丰水花蕾中IAA含量从四分体后极显著地高于新高,在新高花粉败育期(单核花粉早期到单核花粉晚期)是新高的3.70～4.47倍,新高IAA含量的亏缺可能是导致败育的原因之一;新高在花粉发育前期IAA氧化酶活性显著高于丰水,而两个品种POD活性变化一致,差异不显著,说明POD不是导致新高IAA含量的亏缺的关键酶;新高Zn含量低于丰水,而Mn含量从单核花粉期以后却高于丰水;新高ABA含量从四分体到二核花粉期显著高于丰水,而丰水在成熟的花药中积累了大量的ABA。

The contents of indole-3-acetic acid （IAA） and abscisic acid （ABA）, the activity of IAA oxidase and peroxidase （POD）, and micro element contents were examined in floral buds or anther of male sterile pear cultivar ＇ Niitaka＇ and male fertile pear cultivar ＇ Housui＇ （Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai） at different stages of pollen development, in order to explore the relation of IAA and ABA with male sterility of pear and reason of IAA deficiency. The results indicated that IAA content in floral bud of Housui was very significantly higher than that of Niitaka after tetrad stage. At the stage of pollen abortion, namely from early mononucleate pollen stage to later stage of mononucleate pollen, IAA content of Housui was 3.70 to 4. 47 folds of Niitaka. IAA deficiency in Niitaka was one of reasons that lead to pollen abortion; IAA oxidase activity in floral bud in prophase of pollen development of Niitaka was significantly higher than that of Housui. The change of POD activity in two pear cultivars was very similar, and difference of POD activity was not significant, which suggesting that POD was not key enzyme that lead to IAA deficiency. Zinc content in Niitaka was significantly lower than that of Housui, but manganese content was significantly higher after mononucleate stage. ABA content in Niitaka was significantly higher than that of Housui from tetrad to binucleate stage, however, ABA was accumulated in mature anther of Housui.