中国战争女神源流论

The Study of Evolutions of War Goddesses in China

中国的战争女神最初是西王母,随着西王母的仙话化,九天玄女成为战争女神并最后定型。从唐代到明代,九天玄女的战神形象深入人心,对文学尤其是小说产生很大影响。清代小说中的九天玄女人性化色彩增加,而且还出现了很多具有战神职能的女神。战争女神群体的出现,改变了以往小说中参战主角多是男性的现象,表现了当时知识分子对女性参与主流社会和具有与男性平等权利的思考,又与明清时期的民间宗教影响有着重要关联。

The original war goddess in China was the Queen Mother of the West Xiwangmu at first..But as she gradually became a myth, Jiutian Xuannu became the final image of war goddess instead. From Tang to Ming Dynasty, this image of Jiutian Xuannu had been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and had tremendous influences on the production of literatures, especially on novels. In novels of Qing Dynasty, the color of humanity of Jiutian Xuannu got thicker, and many other goddesses who were in charge of the war affairs came forth too. The emergence of the war goddess group changed the phenomena in the past novels that man was the only protagonist, revealing the intellectual＇s thoughts of the time about the female＇s participations in the main society and equality between ,sexes, and also had important relations with folk religions in Ming and Qing Dynasty.