语用歧义及其修辞功能研究

The Study on Pragmatic Ambiguity and Its Rhetoric Functions

歧义是一种常见的语言现象,它是指某个词语或话语有两个或两个以上的释义。语用歧义的产生与语境有很大的关系,它产生于交际双方所依赖的具体环境。语用歧义在一定的程度上容易让人误解,影响人们交际的顺利进行。但语用歧义并非总是消极的,恰当使用语用歧义,可以产生积极的修辞效果。在交际过程中,人们常常有意利用语用歧义来达到诙谐幽默、一语双关、挖苦讽刺、言简意丰、启发想象等修辞效应。

Ambiguity is a common language phenomenon, in which a word or a discourse has two or more than two interpretations. Pragmatic ambiguity is closely related with context and exists in people＇ s communication environment. It may lead to misunderstandings to some extent and influence people＇s successful communication. But it＇ s not always negative, because the proper use of ambiguity can produce good rhetorical functions：being humorous,a pun and sarcastic, and enlightening rich meanings and imagination.