一种基于非均匀分簇的无线传感器网络路由协议

An Uneven Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

在路由协议中利用分簇技术可以提高无线传感器网络的可扩展性.当簇首以多跳通信的方式将数据传输至数据汇聚点时,靠近汇聚点的簇首由于转发大量数据而负载过重,可能过早耗尽能量而失效,这将导致网络分割.该文提出一种新颖的基于非均匀分簇的无线传感器网络多跳路由协议.它的核心是一个用于组织网络拓扑的能量高效的非均匀分簇算法,其中候选簇首通过使用非均匀的竞争范围来构造大小不等的簇.靠近汇聚点的簇的规模小于远离汇聚点的簇,因此靠近汇聚点的簇首可以为簇间的数据转发预留能量.模拟实验结果表明,该路由协议有效地平衡了簇首的能量消耗,并显著地延长了网络的存活时间.

Employing clustering techniques in routing protocols can increase the scalability of wireless sensor networks. When cluster heads transmit their data to the data sink via multi-hop communication, the cluster heads closer to the sink are burdened with heavy relay traffic and tend to die early, causing network partitions. This paper presents a novel uneven cluster-based routing protocol for wireless sensor networks. Its core is an Energy-Efficient Uneven Clustering （EEUC） algorithm for network topology organization, in which tentative cluster heads use uneven competition ranges to construct clusters of uneven sizes. The clusters closer to the sink have smaller sizes than those farther away from the sink, thus the cluster heads closer to the sink can preserve some energy for the inter-cluster data forwarding. Simulation results show that the routing protocol effectively balances the energy consumption among cluster heads and achieves an obvious improvement on the network lifetime.