人力资本投资中政府的作用——对我国人力资本投资的反思

Governmental Functions in Human Capital Investment

通过人力资本投资,提高人力资本存量,促进经济发展是世界各国经济发展中的重要趋势。在人力资本投资中,政府可以发挥重要作用。政府通过公共政策介入人力资本投资的理论依据在于人力资本投资中存在“市场失灵”,政府可以通过提供融资、调节税收政策、健全劳动力市场等公共政策建立促进人力资本投资的支持体系。改革开放以来,我国政府政策导向的偏差导致了目前人力资本投资水平偏低的困境,对未来保持经济持续发展的动力可能带来不利影响。

Through investing in human capital and increasing human capital stock, promoting the economic development is a major trend of the economic development in all countries around the world. In the human capital investment, governments can play a critical role. The theoretical basis that governments can involve in human capital investment through the public policies is that ＂market failure＂ occurs in human capital investing and that governments can set up the supporting system to promote human capital investment through the public policies of providing financing, regulating tax policy and perfecting labour force market, etc. Since the reform and opening up, the discrepancy of Chinese government policy guidance leads to lower investing level in human capital, which may put negative impact on the driving force to maintain the economic sustained development in the future.