云南省医学革螨区系分布研究

Faunistic Study on Medical Gamasid Mites of Yunnan

目的 研究云南省医学革螨的区系分布及区系特点。方法 自1990年至2004年对云南省境内25个县（市）小兽体表革螨进行区系调查，调查当晚用鼠笼加食饵诱捕小型哺乳动物（小兽），次晨收集所捕获小兽，从小兽体表检查、采集所有革螨，用霍氏液（Hoyer＇s solution）封片，制成革螨玻片标本。经干燥透明后于光学显微镜下一一鉴定螨种。结果 共捕获10803只小兽，经分类鉴定隶属啮齿目、食虫目、攀翰目、兔形目4目9科29属53种，从各种小兽体表共采集医学革螨68571只，经分类鉴定隶属10科33属112种，东洋界种类占优势达112种，古北界43种。结论 云南医学革螨区系古北成分和东洋成分互相交融，种类丰富，区系组成复杂多样。不同区系革螨的分布不均衡，物种丰富度最高的地带是横断山中部小区的贯山和丽江地区，海拔在3000～3200m之间。

Objective To study geographical distribution and characters of the gamasid mites fauna of Yunnan Province. Methods Twenty -five counties （towns） in Yunnan Province were chosen as target sites to investigate the gamasid mites on small mammal hosts from1990 to 2004. All the individuals of small mam- mal hosts were randomly captured by mouse - traps and the gamasid mites on the body surface of small mammal hosts were all collected. Every individual of the gamasid mites was mounted on a glass slide after the dehydration and transparent process in a conventional way. The mounted specimens of the gamasid mites were finally identified to species under a microscope. Results There were 10 803 small mammal hosts captured and 68 571 gamasid mites from the hosts were collected. The 10 803 hosts were identified as 53 species of 29 genera of 9 families in 4 orders： Rodentia, Insectivora, Scandetia, Lagomorpha. The collected 68 571 gamasid mites were identified as 112 species, which belonged to 33 genera and 10 families in this ares, and the oriental species （ 112 species） are preponderating. Conclusions The gamasid mites fauna in the region has the following basic characteristics： the mutual blending of Palaearctic and Oriental species, being rich in mites species, having complicated fauna components, and so on. Meanwhile, the distribution of gamasid mites in different region is imbalance： Hengduan Mountains sub - region has the most species diversity, mostly in Gong - shan Mountainous Region and Lijiang Area, and in 3 000 - 3 200 m vertical zone.