2001年陕西地方病防治工作年报结果分析

Analysis of Yearly Report on Endemic Disease in Shaanxi Province in 2001

目的 了解陕西地方性克山病、大骨节病、碘缺乏病、氟中毒病情及防治工作情况。方法 由陕西省负责，统一培训，收集数据后，以各市填报为基数，采用流行病学方法，分析研究地方病年报结果。结果 全省现症病人362．5万。患病率4．17％，占全省人口9．95％。其中地方性氟中毒病人189万，占地方病现症患者52．01％；饮水型氟中毒患病率7．88％，燃煤污染型氟中毒患病率6．44％；碘缺乏病患者14．7．2万，患病率4．06％，占地方病现症患者40．61％；大骨节病患者26．5万，患病率1．29％，占现症患者7．38％；克山病患病人数0．3万，患病率为0．04％，占现症患者0．01％；饮水型氟骨症检出率15．30％，氟斑牙检出率4．3．27％；燃煤型氟斑牙患者检出率88．14％；碘缺乏病8～12岁儿童检出率8．63％。其中Ⅱ°检出率0．98％；大骨节病X线阳性率为4．93％；克山病检出率为2．58％。结论陕西省地方病防治任务相当艰巨，不容乐观。从防治人员及机构构成看，积极启用、培养地方病学科带头人，加强基层人员专业素质培训，遏制地方病蔓延和流行是当务之急。

Objective In order to know the situation of surveillance and control of Keshan disease, Kashin - hack disease, IDD and fluorosis in Shaanxi Province. Methods Data were collected by the province through the uniform training based on the reports from cities, and analyzed with epidemiological method. Resuits There were 3.62 million active patients in Shaaxi with case rate of 4.17%, accounted for 9.95% of the province. Out of that, there were 1.89 million （52.01%） of fluorosis with incidence of 7.88% of water - drinking fluorosis, 6.44% of coalsmoke - borne fluorosis; 1.47 million of IDD with case rate of 4.06% （40.61%）, 0.26 million of KDB with case rate of 1.29% （7.38%）, 0.003 million of Keshan disease with case rate of 0.04% （0.01%）. The surveillance showed the water - drinking fluorosis of 15.30%, dental fluorosis of 43.27% ; coalsmoke -borne fluorosis of 88.14%. IDD in children of 8 to 12 years old of 8.63% and of which the detective rate was 0.98%. X - ray positive rate of KBD was 4.93%, and the detective rate of Keshan disease was 2.58%. Conclusions It is shown that the control of endemic disease in Shaanxi Province is very arduous. It is very urgent to train the workers who engage in endemic disease control for the first time in order to improve professional knowledge and control the spread and prevalence of endemic disease.