红壤坡地果园植草的水土保持效应

Effects of Soil-and-Water Conservation by Planting Herbals on the Sloping Red Soil Land of an Orchard

在典型红壤坡地水平梯田果园梯壁种植百喜草(Paspalumnotatum)、假俭草(Eremochloaaphiuroides)以及香根草(Vetiveriagiganioides)间作花生(Arichishypogaea)等8个处理,用统计学法处理地表径流量和土壤侵蚀量的变化定量研究。结果表明:提高植被覆盖度并辅以工程措施是坡地水土保持的有效途径;梯壁上种植百喜草,拦蓄地表径流和控制土壤侵蚀的能力分别提高22.5倍、30.62倍;1998-2001年植草后土壤理化性质均有不同程度的提高。

The experiment, conducted on standard runoff plots of typical sloping fields in the red soil region, consists of 8 treatments to preserve soil and water, such as planting Bahia grass （Paspalum notatum） on the rim of the terraced field, whole-coverage with Centipede grass （Eremochloa ophiuroides） and Vetiver grass （Vetiveria giganioides）, intercropped with peanuts （Arichis hypogaea）. Quantitative study on the surface runoff and the amount of soil erosion with different herbal-planting treatments was facilitated by statistical methods. The results indicate that it was an effective approach to raise vegetation coverage, supplemented with engineering countermeasures, for soil and water conservation in the sloping land of red soil region in South China. More particularly, planting of Bahia grass on the rim of the terraced field could decrease surface runoff and control soil erosion by 22.5 times and 30. 62 times respectively, compared to previous situation with no such measures taken. Since the planting of herbals from 1998 through 2001, the physical and chemical properties of the orchard soil have improved considerably.