三七总皂苷对大鼠肝脏肾脏的毒性作用

Rats' hepatic and renal toxicity of total saponins from Panax notoginseng

目的:研究三七总皂苷对大鼠肝脏肾脏的毒性作用。方法:Wistar大鼠32只,雌雄各半,体重140～180g,随机分成溶剂(注射用水)对照组和三七总皂苷50,150和450mg·kg^(-1)组,各组每日肌内注射相应剂量的药物或溶剂,连续给予28d(高剂量组给药3d),每周测定动物体重。给药2周及4周后眼眶取血,测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氧基转移酶(AST)、尿素氮(BUN)及肌酐(CREA)的活性,取肝脏、肾脏,HE染色光镜观察组织病理学变化。结果:三七总皂苷450mg·kg^(-1)组动物体重显著下降,肝、肾功能指标(AST,ALT,BUN及CREA)显著升高,组织病理学检查出现肝细胞及肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死。结论:三七总皂苷肌内注射450 mg·kg^(-1)对大鼠具有明显的肝脏、肾脏毒性。

Objective： To evaluate the toxicity of total saponins from Panax notoginseng on the liver and kidney of rats. Methods： Thirty-two Wistar rats with body weight of 140 - 180 grams were randomized to intramuscularly inject with either injection solution, the total saponins （50 or 150 mg·kg^-1） for 28 days or the total saponins （450 mg·kg^-1 ） for 3 days. The rats were weighed every week, and collected blood samples in 2 and 4 weeks post injection to measure levels of serum alanine aminotransferase （ ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （ AST）, urea nitrogen （ BUN ） and creatinine （CREA）. The rats were sacrificed under anesthesia to collect renal and hepatic tissues for the histopathological examination by microscope. Results： The rats administered with the total saponins （450 mg·kg^-1） significantly reduced the body weight and showed abnormal escalation of AST, ALT, BUN and CREAT levels. The degeneration and necrosis of both hepatic cells and epithelia cells of renal tubule of the rats were found by histopathological examination. Conclusion ： The total saponins （450 mg·kg^-1 ） from Panax notoginseng have significant hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.