塔克拉玛干沙漠散射辐射观测研究

STUDY ON SCATTERED RADIATION IN TAKLIMAKAN DESERT

本文根据塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地北部满西异井和南部塔中一井1988年1月至1990年3月周年日射定位观测资料，初步分析了影响沙漠散射辐射的云和沙尘因子作用、散射辐射的日变化和年变化特征，并给出了沙漠散射辐射的观测极值。

The meteorological observations were carried out at Mansi Yijing(40°06′N, 83°06′E,986. 8 m a. s. 1. ) in the northern part of Taklamakan Desert from February of 1988 to Jan-uary of 1989 and at Tazhong Yijing(38°58′N, 83°06′E, 1118. 0 m a. s. 1. ) in the southernpart of Taklamakan Desert from April of 1989 to March of 1990. Based on the radiationdata from the two observation plots, the paper discusses the effort of cloud and atmo-spheric dust on scattered radiation as well as daily varistion and annal vchation of scattered radiahon. The main results are as follows: (1) Atmospheric dust makes the atmo-spheric turbidity increase. Thus, scattered radiation caused by atmospheric dust contributes more to the total radiation, its amount can be up to 61% of the total radiation inspring. (2) In the hinterland of the desert, scattered radiation can be increased much moreby drifting sand or floating dust weather than that by cloudy or overcast weather. (3)Scattered radiation from 9: 30 to 15: 30(local time) in April is stronger than that in July,which is related to windy weather in spring. (4) The distribution of annual scattered radi-ation at Manxi Yijing shows a smooth top. The peak values occur in April, they and June.The distribution of annual scattered radiation at Tazhong Yijing shows a sharp top. Thepeak values occurs in May. (5) The maximum scattered radiation, 17. 55MJ·m-2·d-1,occurred at Manxi Yjing on June 24, 1988 under a floating dust weather.