立体定向放射外科治疗作用于正常脑组织的放射生物学研究进展

The study progress of stereotatic radiosurgery radiobiological action on the normal brain tissue

立体定向放射外科(SRS)治疗主要包括伽玛刀和X-刀等治疗手段,通过利用高能射线以立体定向的方法照射颅内靶病灶,使之发生放射性毁损。由于靶区与周围正常脑组织间有非常陡峭的剂量梯度,因此在治疗疾病的同时,周围正常脑组织受到的损伤很小,并可使患者免受开颅的痛苦,因此较手术治疗更安全。但是,SRS治疗对靶区周围及脑内正常脑组织并非全然没有影响,在治疗靶灶的同时,仍会引起正常脑组织产生放射生物学反应。本文就SRS治疗对正常脑组织的放射生物学效应进行综述。

The stereotatic radionsurgery（SRS） therapeutic tool mainly include gamma knife and X- knife, high energic ray was applicated to the intracranial target lesion and eanse radiological injury, with minimal radiation injury to the surrounding tissue because of the sharp dose gradient. Because of efficiently controling disease and no suffering from operation, SRS has more safety. But when the SRS irradion convey to the target, the peripheral normal brain tissue also have radiobiological reaction. This article reviewed the radiobiological effect of SRS treatment on the normal brain tissue.