自闭症儿童语言能力训练的特征分析

Characteristics of language training in a child with autism

目的:通过个案研究为自闭症儿童语言训练提供启发。方法:研究对象为1例自闭症儿童,3岁前,语言发展良好,3岁后父母发现在行为与语言方面与正常儿童差距越来越大,2005年经上海精神卫生中心诊断为自闭症儿童。文章从句法结构、词汇量、主动性语言的角度分析案主的语言障碍,在此基础上制定干预计划,主要从识字阅读、讲故事、增加信息刺激量、设置运用语言的恰当情境入手来辅导案主的语言。2005-07/2006-06作者接手案主的辅导与训练工作,主要负责案主的语言训练及行为矫正,一般每周进行3次,共6h。结果:经过10个月的系统训练,案主识字阅读、讲故事、增加信息刺激量、设置运用语言的恰当情境等各方面的语言能力都有提高。结论:对自闭症儿童的语言进行详细的分析,制定恰当的干预计划,进行系统的训练是可以取得效果的。

AIM： To provide the method of language training for children with autism by case study. METHODS： One child with autism was selected to be the subject. The patient was good in language development before he was 3 years old, while great distance in behavior and language from normal children was found by his parents after he was 3 years old, and the distance was further and further. The child was diagnosed as autism in Shanghai Center of Mental Health in 2005. To analyze the subject＇s language from three aspects： sentence structure, vocabulary and initiative language, based on which an interventional plan was made to develop the subject＇s language ability from leaming and reading, story-telling, increasing information stimulus, teaching of literacy and creating appropriate situations for language using. Main training for the patient was conducted from July 2005 to June 2006, focusing on the language training and behavior modification, which was normally performed three times a week for totally six hours. RESULTS： After 10 months＇ training, the abilities of language using of the patient in reading and learing, story telling, information stimulating, situation creating proper for language using were enhanced. CONCLUSION： The language of children with autism should be analyzed in detail, so as to make proper interventional plan, and the effect can be gained by systematic training.