系统训练的足球运动员身体成分与大腿不同横断面各组成面积的相关性

Correlation between body composition and different cross-sectional areas of the thigh in football athletes undergoing systematical training

目的:分析参加系统训练的男子足球运动员身体成分与大腿断面组成之间的内在规律及身体成分与运动能力的关系。方法:实验于2002-10进行,选择沈阳体育学院经系统训练的8名男子足球运动员为观察对象。①所有受试者测定身高、体质量及上臂部和肩胛下部的皮下脂肪厚度,通过长岭-铃木方程和Brozek公式计算身体密度和体脂率。②大腿肌肉横断面积的测定采用螺旋CT断层扫描,部位在股骨小转子和内外侧髁之间平均分成4等份,取中间3个等分点所在的平面进行CT断层扫描,横断面层厚取8mm;CT影像分析采用MoticImagesAdvanced3.0测试系统软件,由计算机完成大腿、脂肪、肌肉、骨的面积测试。③数据处理采用SPSS8.0软件,身体成分指标与大腿不同横断面各组成面积相关分析采用Pearson法。结果:8名受试者全部完成测试进入结果分析。①身体成分指标:身体密度和体脂率分别为1.0695±0.0053,(13.11±2.12)%,脂肪质量为(9.25±7.71)kg,瘦体质量为(60.38±5.36)kg。②大腿各部横断面积:大小排列依次为肌肉、皮下脂肪和骨,大腿断面1,2,3各组成面积逐渐减少,各部组成成分面积右侧大于左侧,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。③相关性分析结果:身体密度与大腿的面积及大腿各组成的面积呈显著负相关(r=-0.943～-0.714,P<0.05,0.01),且与大腿断层的部位有关;体脂率与大腿各横断面组成面呈显著正相关(r=0.748～0.936,P<0.01);瘦体质量与肌肉横断面积的相关性主要表现在大腿的中上段(P<0.05);体质量与脂肪、骨面积的相关体现在3个不同的断面上,而与大腿、肌肉面积的相关则主要集中在大腿的中上段。结论:①此8名运动员瘦体质量较高,故具有良好的身体素质和运动能力。②运动员身体密度与大腿断面各组成的面积均呈一定的负相关,而体脂率与其呈正相关。③大腿脂肪和骨与体质量都存在着相关,而体质量与大腿、肌肉面积的相关则主要集中在大腿的中上段;脂肪质量与大腿各断面的脂肪面积相关显著;瘦体质量与肌肉横断面积的相关性同与大腿横断面积的相关性基本一致。

AIM; To explore the intemal rules of body composition and different cross-sectional areas of the thigh as wall as the relationship between body composition and exercise ability in man football athletes with systemical training. METHODS： Eight systematically trained football athletes ware selected from Shenyang Institute of Physical Education as subjects in October 2002. ①Their height, body mass and thickness of subskin fat were measured and the body density and fat rate ware calculated by the equation of Changling-Ungmu and Brozek. ②The cross-sectional areas of the thigh was scanned by CT. Between lesser trochanter and medial and lateral epicondyle of femur, the thigh was sectioned four equal parts, the second, third and fourth sections ware scanned by CT, the thickness was 8 mm; By using Motic Images Advanced 3.0 analyzing systematical software, the thigh, fat, muscle and bone areas ware calculated. ③All data ware processed statistically by using SPSS 8.0. The correlation analysis between body composition index and different crosssectional areas of the thigh was performed with Pearson method. RESULTS; All the 8 subjects ware involved in the result analysis. ①Body composition indexes： The body dense and fat rate ware 1.069 5±0.005 3, （13.11±2.12）%, respectively, the fat weight was （9.25±7.71） kg, and the lean body mass was （60.38±5.36） kg. ②The cross-section area of the thigh： The sequence was muscle, fat and bone; the cross-section area of the thigh was gradually decreased from 1^th to 3^th, and the right area of each composition was bigger than the left, but there was no significant difference （P 〉 0.05）. ③Correlation analysis： Body density was negatively correlated with the cross-sectional areas of the thigh （r =-0.943--0.714, P 〈 0.01）, and correlated with the sectional site of the thigh; There was positive correlation between the ratio and area of fat （r =0.748-0.936, P 〈 0.01）; The relations between lean body mass and the cross-sectional areas of muscle mainly focused on the upper and middle of the thigh （P 〈 0.05）; the correlation of body mass with fat and bone area mainly focused on 3 different sections, while with thigh and muscle area focused on the upper and middle of the thigh. CONCLUSION： ①The 8 athletes have high quality lean body mass, so they have good physical quality and motor ability. ②The body density has a negative correlation with the cross-sectional areas of the thigh, but positive correlation with fat ratio. ③Thigh fat and bone have a correlation with body mass, however the correlation between body weight and the areas of the thigh and muscles is mainly presented at the upper and middle part of the thigh; Fat weight shows a significant correlation with the areas of fat on every section. The correlation between lean body mass and the areas of muscles is chiefly presented at the upper and middle part of the thigh.