不同负荷运动训练对冷应激状态大鼠机体免疫功能的影响

Effect of exercise at different loads on immunological system of rats under cold stress

目的:观察两周的冷应激对大鼠机体免疫系统的影响,并比较不同负荷的运动干预对免疫功能的调节作用。方法:实验于2004-09/11在渤海大学生物实验室进行。选用健康雄性SD大鼠48只,随机分为6组,每组8只:①对照组:平时不运动也不应激。②应激组:将大鼠装入饲养笼,使之不能自由运动。然后进入水温为0～5℃的冰水中,水的高度使大鼠必须直立才能呼吸,1次/d,5min/次,持续2周。③30min运动组:每天无负重游泳一次,30min/次,共6周。④60min运动组:每天无负重游泳一次,60min/次,共6周。⑤30min运动+应激组:运动同30min运动组,运动最后2周给予应激。⑥60min运动+应激组:运动同60min运动组,运动最后2周给予应激。大鼠末次刺激24h后,取血测定测定皮质酮、自然杀伤细胞(包括CD16,CD57)以及白细胞介素1β水平。结果:48只大鼠全部进入结果分析。①白细胞介素1β水平:应激组低于对照组[(0.327±0.106),(0.526±0.150)μg/L,P<0.01];30min运动+应激组和60min运动+应激组显著高于应激组[(0.503±0.112),(0.721±0.063)μg/L,P<0.01],以60min+运动组最为明显。②自然杀伤细胞水平:应激组低于对照组[CD16:(15.34±4.83)%比(9.76±2.14)%,P<0.01;CD57:(19.33±3.24)%比(12.75±3.20)%,P<0.01];30min运动+应激组和60min运动+应激组显著高于应激组(P<0.01),以60min+运动组最为明显[CD16为(27.35±4.59)%,CD57为(28.75±3.37)%]。③皮质酮水平:应激组高于对照组[(24.07±5.33),(21.37±6.66)μg/L,P<0.01];30min运动+应激组和60min运动+应激组显著低于应激组[(18.58±1.74),(11.39±3.31)μg/L,P<0.01]。结论:①冷应激能使大鼠的免疫功能受到影响。②中等负荷运动在应激状态下对大鼠机体免疫功能的保护非常显著,比小负荷运动更能提高机体的抗应激能力。

AIM： To explore the effect of cold stress for two weeks on the immunological system exercise training with different load to the immunological system. METHODS： The experiment was conducted in the Biological Laboratory of Bohai University from September to November 2004. Forty-aight healthy male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with 8 rats in each group： ①contrcl group： without exercise and stress. ②strass group： The rats ware fed in cage to avoid free activity, following by putting into cold water at 0-5 ℃ to the height that the rats had to straighten to breath, once daily, 5 minutes every time for 2 weeks. ③exercise for 30 minutes group： The rats swam without load once daily, 30 minutes daily for 6 weeks. ④exercise for 60 minutes group： The rats swam without load once daily, 60 minutes daily for 6 weeks. ⑤ exercise for 30 minutes ＋ stress group： The rats ware given stress at the last 2 weeks of exercise, which was the same to the exercise for 30 minutes group. ⑥exercise for 60 minutes ＋ stress group： The rats ware given stress at the last 2 weeks of exercise, which was the same to the exercise for 60 minutes group, Corticosterone, natural killer cell （NK, including CD16 and CD57） and intedeukin-1β （IL-1β） ware measured after the last stress for 24 hours. RESULTS： All 48 rats ware involved in the result analysis. ①Concentration of IL-1β： The stress group was lower than the control group [（0.327±0,106）, （0.526±0.150） μg/L, P 〈 0.01]; the two exercise ＋stress groups ware higher than the stress group [（0.503±0.112）, （0.721 ±0.063） μg/L, P 〈 0.01], especially the exercise for 60 minutes ＋ stress group. ②NK level： The stress group was lower than the control group [CD16： （15.34±4.83）%/（9.76±2.14）%, P 〈 0.01; CD57： （19.33± 3.24）%/ （12.75±3.20）%, P 〈 0.01]; the two exercise ＋stress groups ware higher than the stress group （P 〈 0.01）, especially the exercise for 60 minutes ＋ stress group [CD16： （27.35±4.59）%, CD57： （28.75±3.37）%]. ③Concentration of corticosterone： The stress group was higher than the control group [（24.07±5.33）, （21.37±6.66） μg/L, P 〈 0.01]; the two exercise ＋ stress groups ware markedly lower than the stress group [（18.58±1.74）, （11.39±3.311） μg/L, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： ①Cold stress can affect the immunological function of rats. ②Moderate exercise can protect the immunological function under stress, and better improve the anti-stress ability of body than low load exercise.