组胺在机体免疫反应中的作用

The role of histamine in immune reactions

免疫细胞不但表达组胺受体,其中大多数细胞还具有合成组胺的能力。从抗原提呈细胞到T细胞以及抗体类型,组胺对免疫系统具有广泛和特有的生物学作用,并影响炎症、免疫性疾病及肿瘤等病理过程。此外,免疫应答过程中产生的多种细胞因子也参与和调控组胺的合成、释放及受体表达。

Immunologic cells not only express histamine receptors, most of them but also have the abilities to produce histamine. Histamine possesses extensive biologic effects on the components of the immune system, including the antigen presenting cells, T lymphocytes and antibody isotypes, and accordingly affects the pathological processes of the inflammation, immunological diseases and tumor. On the other hand, the various cytokines produced during immune responses can regulate the synthesis and release of histamine, as well as the expressions of histamine receptors.