概念性元素的比较研究

Comparative Study on Conceptual Elements

概念性元素的选择及其排列组合方式是建立概念性流域汇流模型的关键性问题,因此比较概念性元素之间的差异具有十分重要的意义。本文以“扩散模拟河段”为标准,在时段单位线方面对概念性元素进行了比较,结果表明“加里宁—米留柯夫河段”、“线性动力波河段”以及“逆高斯分布河段”与“扩散模拟河段”比较相似,这些概念性元素具有很强的实用性：而“马斯京根河段”和“滞时演进河段”与“扩散模拟河段”差异较大,但在实际应用中多个“马斯京根河段”串联以及对于某些滞时特性比较明显的流域,它们也能取得较好的效果。

In developing conceptual watershed concentration models, it is a key to select a proper type of conceptual elements and make arrangement of them. Therefore, the comparison among conceptual elements has a very important significance. Choosing a diffusion-analogy reach as the comparing standard, this paper made a comparative study on conceptual elements in unit hydrograph. The results indicated that comparing with a diffusion-analogy reach, a Kalinin-Milyukov reach , a linear dynamic wave reach and an inverse Gaussion-distribution reach were comparatively similar and frequently applied in actual basins or rivers, but a Muskingum reach and a lag-routing reach are relatively different and have a better application effect in some basins with an obvious lag characteristic or multi- Muskingum reaches in series.