鹿蹄草等中草药对水果褐腐病菌(Monilinia.fracticola)的抑制作用

The Inhibition of Chinese Herbs Containing Pyrola Rotundifolia L.against Monilinia.fracticol in Fruits

筛选出鹿蹄草、厚朴、虎杖等7种中草药,探讨其单剂及复配组合对水果褐腐病菌的抑制作用。方法:(1)各中草药水煎浸提,生长速率法测定各药液对褐腐病菌生长抑制率的大小;(2)等倍稀释法测定对褐腐病菌抑制作用较好的几种中草药复配组合的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC);(3)扫描电镜观察增效组合MIC和MBC作用下褐腐病菌的菌丝形态。结果:(1)各单剂及复配组合对褐腐病菌均有不同程度的抑制作用,复配组合中,以11号(鹿蹄草+厚朴+大黄)、14号(鹿蹄草+高良姜+虎杖)、21号(鹿蹄草+虎杖+大黄)组合效果最好,10mg/ml浓度的抑制率分别达到89.77%、85.50%和85.02%;(2)三种组合的MIC分别是1.25、2.5、1.25mg/ml;MBC分别是2.5、5.0、5.0mg/ml;(3)电镜观察发现,增效中草药组合11号MIC和MBC作用下,褐腐病菌菌丝数量减少,出现断裂,且部分消融。

Pyrola Rotundifolia L., Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils., Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc. etc 7 kinds of Chinese herbs were screened and to research inhibition of single and combined herbs against Moniliniafructicola in fruits. Methods： （1） Chinese herbs were extracted with hot water, inhibitory rates were determined by the growth rates of mycelium of Monilinia fructicola; （2） Determinating MIC and MB.C of some high inhibitory rates of combined herbs by plate methods; （3） The observation on ultrastuctura of its configuration of mycelinm at MIC and MBC. Results;（1）Each medicine has bactetiostaric activi,ties against Moniliniafructicola, combined Chinese herbs Nol 1, No14, No21 showed the high inhibiting rates than others, with 89.77%, 85.50%, 85.02% respectively; （2）and MIC is 1.25, 2.5, 1.25mg/ml, MBC is 2.5, 5.0, 5.0mg/ml respectively.（3） No. 11 combined Chinese herb at concertration of MIC and MBC induced decrease of mycelium, and some of it breaks into small parts and even melts.