英、法、德三国政府改革的实践经验及其对我国的启示

The Enlightenment and Reference of Government Reforms in EU Countries

1970年代末,由于面临着国内外的一系列问题,西方各国相继推行政府改革,以适应全球化、信息化、市场化的高速发展。英国、法国和德国这三个欧盟的主要成员国都采用了“新公共管理”的改革模式,但改革特点又不尽相同。进入新的世纪,这三国又转向了新的改革重点和措施,即完善政府的公共服务职能,包括公共服务机构改革和公共服务提供方式的进一步转变。其中,对绩效管理的进一步改革也贯穿于此轮改革的整个过程。最后,本文归纳总结了三国的实践经验,这对于我国政府改革有可借鉴之处。

Since 1970's,western countries have been reforming the government to adapt themselves to the dramatic developments of globalization,informatization and marketization.UK,France and Germany have adopted the so-called reform pattern “the new public management”.In the new century,the three turned the old reforms to the consummation of government's public service function,including the further transformations of public service organizations and the public service providing methods.Further reforms of the Performance management also go through the entire reform process.This paper sums up these three countries' experiences and the enlightenments so as to provide references for China's government reform.