河北省湿地现状及其可持续利用

Present Situation of Wetland and Sustainable Use in Hebei Province

河北省湿地是我国湿地的重要组成部分.湿地类型有:河岸湿地、河流湿地、湖泊湿地、沼泽及沼泽化草甸湿地等.由于自然与人类行为相互作用的结果,现在的湿地的生态环境呈现了明显的退化趋势,主要表现为:湿地水量减少,面积逐渐萎缩;生物资源呈现衰减趋势;湿地调蓄功能逐年下降.笔者分析了河北省湿地资源现状、主要功能特征及湿地退化的状况,提出了河北省湿地资源保护和可持续利用的对策.

The wetlands of Hebei Province are important components of Chinese wetlands and the essential zone of the biodiversity distribution in China. Hebei Province covers many different wetland types,such as river channel wetland, lake wetland, march and meadow wetland. Under the interaction of natural and human activity, the wetland eco-environment degrades obviously. The main characteristics are as follows： water quantity is degreasing and areas of wetland are diminishing. The majority of wetland water body is polluted. Biological resources of wetlands such as species diversity of fishes diminish gradually and storage function to flood also descends. The present situation, the function and degradation of wetland resources in Hebei Province are discussed. Some measures on sustainable use and protection of wetland are put forward.