摘要
为了解我国5岁以下儿童肺炎的死亡情况,以随机抽样方法,对1991~1993年全国81个市县855万5岁以下儿童进行肺炎死亡监测。结果表明,肺炎仍是我国儿童死亡的最重要疾病。全国及农村不论婴儿、1~4岁,还是0~4岁儿童,肺炎均为第1位死因,占同年龄儿童总死亡的20.0%~25.0%。1991~1993年全国平均5岁以下儿童肺炎死亡率为1319.2/10万,城市为266.4/10万,农村为1562.2/10万(为城市的6倍)。农村儿童因肺炎死亡者63.0%死在家中,50.0%仅接受门诊治疗,未治疗占18.5%。监测结果表明,近10年来,城市儿童肺炎死亡率有所下降,但农村儿童肺炎死亡率仍居高不下,欲实现2000年全国5岁以下儿童死亡率下降三分之一的目标,降低儿童肺炎死亡乃是当务之急。
Toinvestigatefactorsrelatedtodeathsamongchildrenwithpneumoniaunder5yearsofage,wemadeasurveyofchildren′sdeathofpneumoniacovering8.55milionchildrenunder5yearsofagein81citiesandcountiesaloverthecountrybywayofrandomsamplingfrom1991to1993.Theresultsshowedthatpneumoniawasthemostimportantcauseofchildren′sdeathinchina.Inbigcitiesandruralareas,nomatterwhethertheywerebabies,theagegroupwasfrom1to4yearsrofrom0to4years,themortalityofchildrenwithpneumonia,about20.0%~25.0%oftotaldeathrateofthechildrenatthesameage,constitutedthemajorityofalchildren′sdeath.From1991to1993,theaveragemortalityofchildrenwithpneumoniaunder5yearswas1319.2/100000.Incitiesitwas266.4/100000,whereasinruralareasitwas1562.2/100000,6timesashighasthatincities.Ofthedeathsofchildrenwithpneumoniainruralareas,63.0%occurredathome,50.0%ofthemonlyacceptedoutpatientservice,and18.5%ofthemacceptednomedicaltreatment.Wecon-cludethatinrecent10yearsthemortalityofchildrenwithpneumoniainurbanareasisdropping.Butitremainsatahighlevelinruralareas.Toachievethegoalofreducingthedeathrateofchildrenun-der5yearsofagebyonethirdbytheyear2000,greatereffortsshouldbemadetoreducethemortali-tyofchildrenwithpneumonia.
出处
《中华儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1996年第6期365-368,共4页
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics