红树林生态系统服务功能研究综述

Reviews on ecosystem services of mangrove wetlands

红树林湿地是热带亚热带地区陆地生态系统向海洋生态系统过渡的重要生态系统,具有重要的生态环境服务功能。由于其特殊的生态功能和较高的经济、社会价值,近年来成为湿地生态学研究的热点。本文对红树林生态系统在生产有机物、维持热带亚热带河口生态系统、降低风速以及海水流速、防治和减轻灾难、截留碎屑形成陆地、保护海堤、吸附污染物净化水体、提供多种生境、维护生物多样性,以及形成优美的环境开展生态旅游等几个方面的生态服务功能进行了综述,旨在为红树林资源的保护与合理利用提供参考。同时指出,对红树林的上述生态服务功能的内在生态学过程与效应及其价值评估尚需要开展更深入的研究。

Mangrove wetlands, a typical ecosystems in tropical and subtropical coastal areas, play a very important role in ecological services. Because of special ecological functions and high economic and social values of mangrove, its study is becoming a hot topic recently. In order to promote the protection and utilization of mangrove ecosystem, this paper reviewed some ecological functions of mangrove ecosystems which can provide large quantity of organic matters, epeirogenic processes and shelterbelts, and protect dikes and seashores, reduce disasters, decrease water pollution, sustain high biodiversity in wetlands, provide medicine resources and ecotourism etc. This paper also pointed out that further studies should be conducted on the ecological processes, effects and value assessment of mangrove wetlands in the future.