膜上灌春小麦调亏效应研究

Effect of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on Plastic Film Mulched Spring Wheat

在膜上灌水方式下覆膜和露地处理全生育期不同水分处理调亏下，膜上灌高产处理耗水量比对照减少了310．3mm却增产1363．69kg／hm^2，同一水分处理下膜上灌丰水处理F（FM）比露地丰水处理F（B）增产40．99％．WUE提高了4．67kg／（mm·hm^2）；膜上灌中度处理M（FM）比露地中度处理M（B）增产52．55％，WUE提高了6．86kg／（mm·hm^2）。相同水分条件下覆膜处理具有明显的增温、保墒增产作用，最高产量所需的土壤适宜水分下限较露地下降10％～15％。结果表明同一水分处理下覆膜小麦不仅具有较高的生物产量，而且具有较大的库容，因而开花后干物质积累量，茎、叶器官的输出率、分配率、转换率均高于露地小麦，最终表现为粒重增加经济产量提高。

According to experiment results that regulated deficit irrigation Applied to plastic film mulched spring wheat under different water condition, the water consumption of high yield film mulch treatment decrease about 310. 3 mm than control while yield increase 1363. 69 kg/hm^2. In the same water condition of free from water deficit treatment the yield of film mulch F（FM） higher than bare field F （B） increased 40.99% and WUE increased 4. 67 kg/（mm ·hm^2）, in medium water deficit treatment the yield of film mulch M（FM）than bare field M （B） increased 52. 55% and WUE increased 6.86 kg/（mm ·hm^2）, film mulch had the obvious effect of improving soil temperature, conserving soil water content and increase yield. The appropriate relative soil water content decreased 10 % -15 % than bare field treatment. This paper combine the two measure regulated deficit irrigation and film mulch. The result showed that in the same water condition that film mulched spring wheat＇s yield and sink capacity higher than bare field so that the allocation efficiency and contribution in grain of stem and leaf, ultimately the grain weight and yield increased.