论东方史前“女神”

On Oriental Prehistorical "Goddess"

如果对史前女神现象按地域进行比较研究,可有东方女神和西方女神之说;从时间序列上看,东方女神的问世又晚于西方女神。这一从人类旧石器时代晚期出现贯穿整个新石器时代的“女神”崇拜现象,与当时人类婚姻、生育、生产、文化等现实生活是密不可分的。无论东西方女神,都是人类在漫长的历史发展进程中自发形成的崇拜方式,不存在相互影响乃至传承关系。它展现的是对苍天的乞求,反映的是当时作为弱势群体的人类面临生存挑战的无奈。这种相对独立存在的、具体的、单一的原始宗教崇拜和信仰,曾经占据史前社会原始先民的文化精神世界长达二三万年。到了新石器时代中晚期,女神崇拜又与巫术活动相掺杂,构成了文明起源的主要因素,对推动人类社会由野蛮向文明过渡起到了其他文明因素不可替代的作用。

Oriental goddess appeared later than western goddess. The worship of goddess has close relation with temporal real life. Oriental and western goddess arc the worship ways coming into being in historical development and they can＇ t influence and inhcrritc each other, it reflects the imploration to god. The original religion worshop ever held the cultural spiritual world of prehistorical people for twenty or thirty thousand years. Later, goddess worship intermingling with magic formed the main factor of civilization＇ s origin, and promoted the transition from wildness to civilization.