辨明虚实 曲径寻幽——《春江花月夜》“鸿雁”句常解辨误

Distinguishing Between Falsehood and Truth Seeking Enchanting View Through Winding Path

张若虚《春江花月夜》一诗“鸿雁长飞光不度,鱼龙潜跃水成文”两句,历来是众说纷纭的难点。从对诗文表达的虚实、诗意指向的“彼”“此”等方面的认识出发,在确认其结构倒装的基础上,辨明其中所见、所想,厘清其中感情的流向,进而正确地把握诗意,应该是:因光不度又怨鸿雁长飞相思难传,看水成纹而想鱼龙潜跃尺素在望。

The two stanzas of ＂Mailing swan flies afar swiftly, Fish and dragon dive and leap in water wherefrom writing forms＇; in Zhang Ruoxu＇ s poem Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye have always been a difficult point about which opinions vary. Starting from such correct knowledge as the false or true expression of poetic wordage, the poetic reference to ＂that＂ and ＂this＂, etc. and on the basis of verifying its inverted order, clarifying the author＇ s scope of seeing and thinking as well as the flow direction of emotion so as to grasp correctly the poetic flavour, the present holds the view that the two stanzas should mean： Because of the swiftness of time, resentment is aroused about the state that the distant mailing swan fails to send the message of lovesikness; looking at the ripples on water and thinking of the message in expectation.