一个含崩塌概率的一维沙堆模型

One-dimensional Sandpile Model with Avalanche Probability

在一维沙堆模型中加入了崩塌概率，并用元胞自动机的方法进行计算机模拟，发现该模型具有自组织临界性，其临界指数a=1．50±0.02，并且还发现只有当崩塌概率处于0.05-0.98时，系统才体现出自组织临界性．另外，根据该模型的结果，解释了一维米粒堆实验中出现的自组织临界现象．

We propose a one-dimensional sandpile model with avalanche probability. The simulation is performed with the cellular automata method. As the local slope closes to the critical slope sands avalanche with a probability. The avalanche size and the average local slope are studied at different avalanche probabilities, The self-organized critical （SOC） behavior is studied at critical exponent a = 1.50±0.02 as the avalanche probability is between 0.05 and 0.98. The average local slope descends with the increase of collapse probability. A sharp transition occurs between the trival behavior and SOC behavior in this model. The SOC phenomenon in one-demensional rice-pile experiment is well explained.