波德里亚对技术社会的后现代主义批判

Baudrillard’s Postmodernist Critique of the Society of Technology

作为具有世界影响的后现代主义领军人物,波德里亚对现代技术社会进行了深刻的和富有特征的批判。其批判性的成果主要针对三个方面来展开,即现代技术本身的性质、技术社会与消费主义的内在联系以及现代技术的本质在大众媒体中的完成。这三个方面的批判性分析在一定的意义上汲取了马克思学说的灵感,并承继着法兰克福学派社会批判理论的传统,但其基本性质乃是后现代主义的。因此,从马克思主义的观点看,虽然波德里亚对现代技术社会的批判是深刻的和切中肯綮的,但却包含着明显的理论局限性他的批判从根本上来说缺乏一种积极的、建设性的基础,从而使这一批判最终归于疏阔散宕。

As a leading figure in modernism in the world, Baudrillard makes a deep and featured criticizing of the modem society of technology, mainly about following three aspects, the nature of modern technology; the relationship between the society of technology and consumerism; and the nature accomplishment in mass media. The criticizing, in a sense, draws an inspiration from Marxism and inherits the Frankfurt school＇s theory of the critique of the society, but basically, it embodies the nature of postmodernism. Therefore, from the views of Marxism, his criticizing of the modern society of technology, although deep and home-stricken, has an evident limitation, that is, lacking of the positive, constructive basis, and finally resulting in a mere formality.